How Globalization Affects Global Burdens of Disease
How Globalization Affects Global Burdens of Disease
Globalization is a sophisticated and multi-faceted set of processes that possesses diverse and widespread impacts on human beings worldwide. In the 21st century, globalization has changed the nature of human interaction across a wide range of spheres incorporating political, social, economic, environment, and technology. The process of change is described as globalizing because boundaries of different kinds across the world are eroding due to globalization (Zumla & Hui, 2019). Health wise, globalization has come a long way to impact health with both positive and negative impacts. For instance, professional migration has provided a solution to healthcare personnel scarcity, especially in developed countries, while at the same time, depriving developed nations the much-needed healthcare personnel. This paper aims at evaluating the effects of globalization on global burdens of disease by assessing the ecological perspective on the connections among human health, animal health, and the ecosystem health.
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Globalization presents new challenges, especially when it comes to combating diseases that have the likelihood of causing epidemics due to increased international travel and trade (Zumla & Hui, 2019). One of the biggest global public health challenges brought about by globalization is the spread of parasites and infectious diseases. Diseases and parasites do not know borders and care often transmitted when people travel across countries. Currently, COVID-19 is a good example of global public health caused by globalization (Luonga & Nguyen, 2020). The infectious disease has affected many countries that, if it were not of globalization, the impact could not be felt globally. Due to globalization, diseases have penetrated to remote areas and have significantly impacted the health of human societies, animal health, and creating ecological imbalances. With COVID-19, there has been a disruption in the global supply chains, including medical facilities, putting pressure on the global public health sector (Luonga & Nguyen, 2020). Moreover, in the 21st century, globalization has adversely impacted global burdens of chronic disease by ensuring that the rate of deaths from non-communicable causes like heart diseases, stroke, and injuries is always growing because the focus is placed on reducing the deaths from an infectious disease like tuberculosis, malaria, and vaccine-preventable diseases. However, globalization has also positively impacted global public health through various initiatives like One Health.
One Health is a collaboration, multi-sectional, and trans-disciplinary approach that is working at the local, regional, and global levels to attain optimal health and wellbeing outcomes by recognizing the interconnections between persons, animal, plants, and their shared environment (Destoumieux-Garzón et al., 2018). In today’s world, One Health is substantially important because it is rooted in comprehending the independence of human and natural systems and the promotion of inter-disciplinary collaboration. Some of the global health care issues in which On Health plays a significant role in promoting is the prevention of environmental contamination, solving habitual usage conflicts between humans and animals, preventing biodiversity loss, controlling infectious diseases from spreading, and ensuring microbial resistance and ecosystem function degradation. Moreover, On Health is also significant in improving social determinants of health such as education, proper neighborhood and built environment, social, and community context, which play a crucial role in health and thus, presenting a strong and environmental justice on of One Health (Destoumieux-Garzón et al., 2018).
Overall, globalization has impacted global public health in both negative and positive ways. Globalization has promoted the transfer of healthcare personnel to developing countries where they never existed but also depriving developed nations of the healthcare personnel they need. Due to globalization, more focus has been put to combat infectious disease while letting many people die from chronic diseases that can be prevented, thus putting a burden on global public health on infectious and chronic disease prevention. Globalization has also promoted the spread of infectious diseases, thereby putting a burden of global public health. However, global healthcare initiatives like One Health have been instituted to bring a balance between human health, animal health, and environment to ensure ecological balance and to achieve optimal health and well-being outcomes through recognition of the interconnectedness between humans, animals, plants, and the environment they share.