Roy’s Adaptation Model in Planning the Care for Sgt. Johns
When creating a care plan for Sgt. Johns, a nurse, can apply Roy’s Adaptation Model. Eddie will be seen as an adaptive system in such a case, and the nurse will have to assess his adaptive abilities and environmental stimuli affecting his health. In particular, influential factors in four modes are written on the slide. Based on the assessment, the nurse will establish the treatment goals together with the sergeant.
Roy’s Theory in Promoting Sgt. Johns Adjusted Self-concept
Physical self: Body image – the perception of an individual’s body – is how a person sees self physically. Physical sensations – how a person understands and can express their bodily feelings, such as symptoms.
Personal self: Self-consistency – is an understanding of oneself and personal qualities; it also includes the ability to self-organization. Self-ideal – who a person wants to be. Moral-ethical-spiritual self is personal values and beliefs.
When applying Roy’s Theory, the nurse should evaluate the elements described on the slide in the patient and focus on promoting integrity. In particular, it is crucial to help the sergeant understand the injuries and their consequences. For example, during recovery, he will not be able to do hard physical work and be as effective as before. The desire to return to the old job may indicate John’s misunderstanding of his condition.
Moreover, by applying this approach, after evaluating the sergeant as an individual, the nurse will understand his adaptive abilities and create a plan for the adaptation process.
Listening to Sgt. Johns’ “Story”
From the Roy Adaptation Model perspective, there are several vital reasons for listening carefully to the patient’s story in their own words.
By listening to patients, nurses can more accurately assess their adaptive modes and the extent of environmental impact. During a conversation with the patient, the nurse understands his needs and can more accurately identify existing problems and set treatment goals. The empathy shown by the nurse and the comfort provided contribute to greater disclosure and understanding of the patient, establishing trust for further collaborative work on treatment goals.
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Nurses increase satisfaction with hospital services by listening to patients and actively communicating with them (Lotfi et al., 2019). Consequently, nurses provide additional positive environmental influences, which is a basic idea of Roy’s theory.
Neuman’s System Model. Overview
A person (client) is an open system influenced by external and internal stressors.
System influencers comprise an environment that can be internal, external, and created.
Health and illness are the opposite states of the system. Health is possible when the system is stable and has enough energy to maintain itself.
The task of nursing is to maintain the system’s stability through the assessment of stressors and assistance to the client in adjustments to them.
The client-client system consists of several protection lines against stressors and variables present in each circle in the system. The system is influenced by intrapersonal, interpersonal, and extrapersonal stressors.
Following the theory, prevention should be a critical intervention made by nurses. Neuman identified three types of prevention: primary – stress prevention; secondary – response to stress and strengthening of protection lines; tertiary – readaptation, reeducation, and support of the system’s stability.
Stressors for Sgt. Johns
Considering the situation of Sergeant Johns from the point of view of Neuman’s Systems Model, it is essential to determine which stressors affect him as a client. The most apparent stressors are that Eddie suffers from physical injuries – a broken leg and brain injury cause pain and inconvenience in everyday life. Insomnia is also a significant stressor, which does not allow the man to restore energy and keep his system at the required healthy level. The way the sergeant is trying to solve insomnia is a few cans of be